<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"><channel><title>FGFR抑制剂 on Superhyydl's Blog</title><link>https://blog.superhyydl.org/tags/fgfr%E6%8A%91%E5%88%B6%E5%89%82/</link><description>Recent content in FGFR抑制剂 on Superhyydl's Blog</description><generator>Hugo</generator><language>zh-cn</language><lastBuildDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://blog.superhyydl.org/tags/fgfr%E6%8A%91%E5%88%B6%E5%89%82/index.xml" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><item><title>精读 | GSTT1与CD133共定义胰腺癌干性状态及FGFR抑制剂敏感性</title><link>https://blog.superhyydl.org/reading/gstt1-promotes-stemness-and-fgfr-inhibitor-sensitivity/</link><pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate><guid>https://blog.superhyydl.org/reading/gstt1-promotes-stemness-and-fgfr-inhibitor-sensitivity/</guid><description>&lt;h2 id="一句话亮点"&gt;一句话亮点&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;GSTT1不是单纯的代谢酶，它是胰腺癌转移灶里干性状态的&amp;quot;放大器&amp;quot;——它不负责启动干性，但能把CD133阳性的细胞&amp;quot;盘活&amp;quot;成能长成漂亮肿瘤球的干性细胞，同时意外地让这群细胞对FGFR抑制剂更敏感。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id="背景痛点"&gt;背景/痛点&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;胰腺导管腺癌（PDA）这玩意儿五年生存率只有8%左右，主要死因是转移和耐药。大家早就知道肿瘤里有一小撮&amp;quot;干性&amp;quot;细胞（CSCs）是罪魁祸首——它们能启动肿瘤、抵抗放化疗、导致复发。但问题是，在已经形成的转移灶里，这群干性细胞到底怎么维持？靠什么信号活着？没人说得清。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;作者团队之前挖出来一个叫GSTT1（谷胱甘肽S-转移酶theta 1）的分子，发现它在转移灶里高表达的那群细胞长得慢、有EMT特征、而且特别能转移[11]。但GSTT1跟干性有没有关系？它怎么干活的？完全不知道。这篇就是顺着这条线往下挖。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 id="推理链分步拆解"&gt;推理链分步拆解&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;h3 id="第一步先问gstt1高的转移细胞是不是更有干性"&gt;第一步：先问&amp;quot;GSTT1高的转移细胞是不是更有干性？&amp;quot;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;他们手里有一个好东西——之前构建的GSTT1-mCherry报告系统[11]，内源Gstt1启动子驱动mCherry表达。从KPC小鼠的肺转移灶里拿到的PDAC细胞，FACS分出mCherry⁺和mCherry⁻两群，放到肿瘤球培养条件下（无血清、悬浮、加EGF/FGF，这是经典的CSC富集方法）。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;结果有意思：mCherry⁺那群长出来的球又多又大，而且RNA-seq一看，干性标志物（Aldh1a1、Prom1、Lgr5）蹭蹭往上涨，分化相关的通路往下掉。但注意一个细节：GSTT1低的球长到第10天，有一部分又把GSTT1捡回来了——说明这个干性状态不是固定死的，是动态的、可塑的。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;@方法论点评：他们用&amp;quot;分选→成球培养→再测表达&amp;quot;这步非常关键，直接排除了&amp;quot;GSTT1高只是静态标记&amp;quot;的可能性，证明了GSTT1高状态在干性条件下是可以被诱导富集的。RNA-seq里Prom1冒出来是第一个线索，把他们引向CD133。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 id="第二步那gstt1和cd133在人源细胞里怎么配合的"&gt;第二步：&amp;ldquo;那GSTT1和CD133在人源细胞里怎么配合的？&amp;rdquo;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;他们先查了公共数据库——PROM1高表达的患者总生存和复发后生存都差（Figure 2A），这跟既往报道对得上。然后扫了一堆人源胰腺癌转移细胞系，发现有的两个都高（SU8686、CFPAC1、Capan1、JOPACA1），有的一高一低（SUIT2：CD133⁺GSTT1⁻），有的两个都没有（ASPC1、HS766T、PACADD135、KP4）。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;成球实验：CD133⁺GSTT1⁺的细胞球多、球大、结构紧凑漂亮；CD133⁺GSTT1⁻的SUIT2能启动成球（单细胞也能长出东西），但长出来的是松散的不规则聚集体；CD133⁻的KP4虽然启动能力差，但一旦长起来球特别大——说明启动（initiation）和扩增（expansion）是两码事。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;最漂亮的实验：把GSTT1强行塞进SUIT2（本来CD133⁺GSTT1⁻），结果CD133蛋白水平也上来了，球的数量增加了，形态也变好了。反过来，用shRNA敲掉GSTT1，CD133蛋白掉下来，球也没了。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;@方法论点评：这个&amp;quot;回补&amp;quot;实验（gain-of-function）加上&amp;quot;敲低&amp;quot;实验（loss-of-function）构成了因果验证的闭环。尤其值得注意——GSTT1敲低后PROM1 mRNA没变，但蛋白掉了，暗示GSTT1是在蛋白水平上调控CD133，不是转录水平。他们后面用MG132（蛋白酶体抑制剂）能rescure CD133蛋白，进一步指向了蛋白稳定性调控。&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;img alt="Fig. 2：PROM1 is Co-expressed with GSTT1 in a Subset of Metastatic Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines and is Associated with High Tumor Sphere Formation Capacity. (A) Kaplan–Meier analysis of PROM1 expression in the KM Plotter online database (https://kmplot.com), selecting the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cohort (N = 177). Patients were stratified into high- and low-expression groups using the mean gene expression cutoff. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were analyzed using the Mantel–Haenszel log-rank test, and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated by KM Plotter. (B) Western blot analysis of CD133 and GSTT1 protein levels in whole-cell lysates from a panel of human metastatic pancreatic cancer cell lines, N = 9. Data are representative of at least three independent experiments. (C) Schematic of tumor sphere culture conditions for the pancreatic cancer cell lines shown in (B). Created with BioRender.com. (D) Representative bright-field images of tumor spheres at day 14 from cell lines plated at 1 × 103 cells per well and stratified by CD133 and GSTT1 expression. Images are representative of N = 3 independent experiments. Scale bar, 50 μm. (E) Quantification of average tumor sphere number per well (y-axis) and average tumor sphere size (x-axis) at day 14 across N = 9 cell lines. Cell lines are color-coded based on PROM1 expression. (F) Same analysis as in (E), with cell lines color-coded based on GSTT1 expression. PROM1 and GSTT1 mRNA expression values represent data from Supplemental Fig. 3A–B. Data represent N = 3 independent experiments with three technical replicates each. (G) SUIT2 cells expressing inducible ipCW control or ipCW-GSTT1 were treated with doxycycline for 48 h and analyzed by Western blot using the indicated antibodies. (H) Representative bright-field images of tumor spheres derived from SUIT2 conditions in (G) at day 5 post-seeding. Scale bar, 200 μm. (I) Quantification of tumor sphere growth from (H). Data represent N = 3 independent experiments with three technical replicates each, error bars indicate mean ± s.e.m. (J) Schematic model summarizing findings from tumor sphere initiation and expansion assays, illustrating the hierarchical roles of CD133 and GSTT1. Created with BioRender.com. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)" loading="lazy" src="https://blog.superhyydl.org/images/reading/gstt1-promotes-stemness-and-fgfr-inhibitor-sensitivity/figure-02.png"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description></item></channel></rss>